The webinar is being held to mark International Youth Day, which was observed on 12 August under the theme ‘Local Youth Actions for the SDGs and Beyond’.
]]>“I am on record as saying that we need to launch a war on gangs of a similar magnitude and nature to the war on terror.”
Dr the Most Honourable Andrew Holness, ON, PC, MPChair, CARICOM
Prime Minister, Jamaica
CARICOM Heads of Government have agreed to tackle the Region’s crime and security challenge with the adoption of the Montego Bay Declaration on Transnational Organised Crime and Gangs, underscoring leaders’ united stance against criminal networks.
This was highlighted by Dr the Most Honourable Andrew Holness, ON, PC, MP, CARICOM Chair and Jamaica’s Prime Minister, during the closing media conference for the 49th Regular Meeting of the Conference of CARICOM Heads of Government, which was held from 6-8 July in Montego Bay, Jamaica.
“A secure CARICOM is a viable CARICOM,” stated the CARICOM Chairman, “And as such, security remains high on the agenda for the duration of my chairmanship and beyond.”
Prime Minister Holness shared that leaders also held talks with the Secretary-General of the International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL), Valdecy Urquiza, who “committed to strengthening cooperation and expanding access to its global resources.”
In the Declaration, leaders reaffirmed their commitment to bolstering the Region’s efforts against organised crime by tracking emerging trends in illicit firearms trafficking, introducing strong legislation with tougher penalties for firearm and gang-related offences and enhancing public awareness to support prevention and prosecution initiatives.
Firm stance
During his keynote address at the Meeting’s opening ceremony on Sunday, the Prime Minister underscored that CARICOM nations must take a firm stance on organised criminal gangs, reiterating his position that gang violence must be regarded as acts of terrorism.
He stated that gang networks have grown well beyond typical street-level crime and now pose a serious threat to regional security and emphasised that addressing this issue requires the same level of urgency and coordinated action as the global fight against terrorism.
“I am on record as saying that we need to launch a war on gangs of a similar magnitude and nature to the war on terror,” the CARICOM Chairman stated.
Dr Holness underscored the urgent need for Member States to collaborate in dismantling the resources that fuel criminal organisations, particularly their access to financial systems.
Referencing a July 2024 United Nations report, Dr. Holness noted findings on the influence of gang activity in Jamaica, St. Lucia, Guyana, and Trinidad and Tobago. The report also highlighted a correlation between escalating drug production in South America, widespread firearm availability, and rising homicide rates.
Dr Holness further stated that the deteriorating security situation in Haiti serves as a stark warning and a call to immediate, coordinated regional action.
“It is the organisation of violence for profit. It is not merely street-level, dispossessed, socially excluded youngsters. There is a level of intelligence, a level of resources, a level of organisation that has been brought to crime and violence, which is being used for profit, stated the Prime Minister.
Adding, “My own view is that policy and jurisprudence need to evolve to address this matter.”
The Prime Minister underscored the immense scale and complexity of crime affecting the Region, cautioning that it cannot be resolved overnight or through short-term efforts.
He emphasised that a durable solution will require robust investment and widespread public engagement across the Community, noting that unified support is essential to effectively confront the threat.
Helpful Links:
UNODC, Caribbean Gangs “Drugs, firearms, and gang networks in Jamaica, Saint Lucia, Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago”, 2024
Keynote Address | Dr the Most Honourable Andrew Holness, ON, PC, MP | Prime Minister of Jamaica | Chairman of CARICOM | 49th Regular Meeting of the Conference of CARICOM Heads of Government| 6 July 2025
The Forty-Ninth Regular Meeting of the Conference of Heads of Government of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) was held in Montego Bay, Jamaica from 6-8 July under the chairmanship of Dr the Most Honourable Andrew Holness, Prime Minister of Jamaica.
Members of the Conference in attendance were: Honourable Gaston Browne, Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda; Honourable Philip Davis, Prime Minister of the Commonwealth of The Bahamas; Honourable Mia Amor Mottley, Prime Minister of the Republic of Barbados; Honourable John Briceño, Prime Minister of Belize; His Excellency Dr Mohamed Irfaan Ali, President of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana; His Excellency Laurent Saint-Cyr, Councillor-President, Member of the Transitional Presidential Council, Haiti; Dr the Most Honourable Andrew Holness, Prime Minister of Jamaica; Honourable Terrance Drew, Prime Minister, Federation of St Kitts and Nevis; and Dr the Honourable Ralph Gonsalves, Prime Minister of St Vincent and the Grenadines.
Dr Vince Henderson, Minister of Foreign Affairs, International Trade and Energy represented the Commonwealth of Dominica; Honourable Joseph Andall, Minister for Foreign Affairs, Trade and Export Development represented Grenada; Honourable Veronica Dorsette Hector, Deputy Premier, represented Montserrat; Honourable Alva Baptiste, Minister of External Affairs, International Trade, Civil Aviation and Diaspora Affairs represented Saint Lucia; His Excellency Steven MacAndrew, Minister of Labour, Employment Opportunity and Youth Affairs represented the Republic of Suriname; Honourable Sean Sobers, Minister of Foreign and CARICOM Affairs,represented the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago.
Associate Members in attendance were Honourable E David Burt, Premier of Bermuda; Dr the Honourable Natalio Wheatley, Premier of the British Virgin Islands, His Excellency Gilmar Pisas, Prime Minister of Curacao; and Honourable Jamell Robinson, Deputy Premier of the Turks and Caicos Islands.
OPENING CEREMONY
The Opening Ceremony was held at the Montego Bay Convention Centre in Rose Hall, St James. The event featured remarks by leaders of the Community, and cultural items from several Jamaican performers. There was also a Declaration of solidarity from the CARICOM Youth Ambassadors for Jamaica which underscored their preparedness and desire to support the leaders of the Region in its development, prioritizing creativity, innovation and technology.
In her remarks, CARICOM Secretary General, Dr Carla Barnett noted that the collective action of CARICOM Member States has delivered many commendable results for the people of the Region, in human and social development, economic integration, foreign policy coordination, and security, which provide a useful roadmap for the way forward.
“Unprecedented global uncertainty, economic pressures, technological innovations that challenge our capacity to keep pace, climate vulnerability, and the needs of our young people, our women and future generations, compel us to act collectively, with courage and with conviction,” the Secretary-General said.
Prime Minister of Barbados and Outgoing Chair, Honourable Mia Amor Mottley noted that CARICOM has seen many challenges and urged the gathering to persevere and persist in efforts to advance and strengthen integration. Quoting from popular Jamaican artiste, Jimmy Cliff, she said “We can get it if we really want, but we must try and try and try.”
She pointed to support for Haiti, efforts to control disinformation, and the need to tackle crime and enhance citizen security, as some of the critical issues which the Community must continue to address. “We must be resolute in preserving CARICOM as a Zone of Peace and reaffirm our commitment to working with the international community to promote de-escalation, uphold diplomacy, and pursue lasting solutions grounded in dialogue and mutual respect”.
In his remarks, the new Chair, Dr the Most Honourable Andrew Holness said his Chairmanship would focus on regional security, especially as it relates to transnational organised crime and gangs, noting that it is critical that a global war on gangs be declared similar to the war on terror. The Prime Minister called for concerted action to dismantle criminal networks and cripple their resources.
“Our theme: People, Partnerships and Prosperity – Promoting a Secure and Sustainable Future” captures the essence of our regional purpose. It reflects a profound truth, that security and resilience are not optional; they are foundations for prosperity; that people-centered development and strategic partnerships are not aspirational, but essential,” the Prime Minister said.
He cited climate justice and climate finance, mobilizing support for Haiti, and strengthening internal coordination and external partnerships as critical to the ongoing work of the Community. Prime Minister Holness also stressed the importance of engaging young people in shaping the decisions that affect their future. He reminded that it was important to engage them in a deliberate, sustained and meaningful manner.
The opening ceremony can be viewed at: https://caricom.org/49hgc/
CARICOM SINGLE MARKET AND ECONOMY (CSME)
Implementation of Full Free Movement
To advance the goal of free movement of all Community nationals, Heads of Government, in accordance with the provisions of the Protocol on Enhanced Cooperation, authorised Barbados, Belize, Dominica and St Vincent and the Grenadines, the Participating Member States, to, among themselves, grant their nationals the right to enter, leave and re-enter, move freely, reside, work and remain indefinitely in the receiving Member State without the need for a work or residency permit. Their nationals will also be able to access emergency and primary health care, and public primary and secondary education, within the means of the receiving Member State.
The Participating Member States have agreed that the required legislative, security and administrative measures to support the free movement of their nationals will be undertaken and that free movement among them will commence on 1 October 2025.
Heads of Government also agreed to include aviation personnel among the categories of skilled Community nationals entitled to move freely within the Community under Article 46 of the Treaty. This category includes aircraft maintenance engineers, professional pilots, air traffic controllers, and flight operations officers.
EXTERNAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
The Heads of Government discussed developments in United States (US) trade policy which have introduced a marked shift in the bilateral trade relations which have been underpinned by the Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI) trade preferential programmes for more than four decades. They agreed to continue the Community’s advocacy with the US Administration at the highest political level, to safeguard the Region’s trade interests with its most important trading partner.
They welcomed the tabling of a request by the US for a five-year WTO waiver for the CBI until 30 September 2030 and agreed that the Region would continue to engage constructively with the US Trade Representative to address the future bilateral trade relationship.
Heads of Government also agreed to deepen engagement with existing trading partners through the Joint Institutions established under the trade agreements concluded with these countries. They further agreed to pursue new market opportunities with non-traditional trading partners, in particular the African Union, Brazil and India.
CLIMATE CHANGE AND CLIMATE FINANCE
Heads of Government congratulated the Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre on its 20th Anniversary and recognised its significant support to the climate agenda of CARICOM Member States.
They emphasised that CARICOM will continue to focus on the special circumstances of Small Island Developing States (SIDS). They registered their concern at the apparent erosion of support amongst several governments of the developed world for the special circumstances of SIDS, and underscored that CARICOM negotiators must continue to make the case for those circumstances across the Climate Agenda.
They called on major economies to take urgent action to increase the ambition of their Nationally Determined Contributions in line with the outcomes of the first Global Stocktake of the Paris Agreement, and to fast-track implementation to keep 1.5 within reach.
The Conference registered support for the Global Biodiversity Alliance Summit to be convened by the Government of Guyana in Georgetown from 23 -25 July 2025.
As it relates to Climate Finance, Heads of Government reaffirmed support for the Bridgetown Initiative and reform of the international financial architecture, including an increased CARICOM representation in financial decision-making bodies.
Heads of Government expressed concern at the rising cost of insurance, insisting that it is a major barrier to climate resilience and threatens the viability and competitiveness of businesses in the Region.
They called for a significant portion of the $300 billion mobilisation goal under the New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG) decision to be channeled through the multilateral climate funds under the UNFCCC, and for finance to be targeted to adaptation and loss and damage for SIDS.
They acknowledged that COP 30 must serve as a vehicle to mobilise climate finance that is predictable and accessible that prioritises SIDS and LDCs and is responsive to the Region’s needs and priorities.
Heads of Government approved the Revised Regional Framework prepared by the Caribbean Community Climate Change Center which outlines the strategic goals and priority actions to build regional climate resilience.
Heads of Government noted the recent publication of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACHR) Advisory Opinion on “Climate Emergency and Human Rights”. The Advisory Opinion creates a legal framework for States to address the climate crisis from the human rights perspective. Through the Advisory Opinion, the IACHR has acknowledged the climate crisis as a threat to individuals and peoples which creates a legal framework for States to align climate policies with human rights.
FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY
Heads of Government approved the Formulation and Design Plan to expand the Vision 25 by 2025+5 food and nutrition security initiative. This Plan will allow for, inter alia, enactment of cross-cutting regional policies to support the sector including investment, establishment of businesses and movement of people; expansion of the stakeholder base to attract new capital and increased funding; and re-alignment of regional and national agricultural priorities.
His Excellency Dr Irfaan Ali, President of Guyana in keeping with his responsibility for food and nutrition security in the CARICOM Quasi-cabinet, outlined several successful Member State projects under the initiative in the last two years. He reported a marked region-wide increase in the involvement of women and youth in agriculture, and in nursery capacity, and commended regional governments for their commitment to the Initiative.
Heads of Government expressed their appreciation to President Ali for his continued dedication to the 25 by 2025+5 initiative. They welcomed the recent study identifying Guyana as the only food-sufficient country in the world as a plus for the Region’s efforts at food and nutrition security.
They noted that the Inter-American Board of Agriculture, at its forthcoming 23rd regular meeting in Brasilia in November 2025, was scheduled to elect a new Director General for the Inter-American Institute for Cooperation in Agriculture (IICA) for the period 2025 to 2030. They reaffirmed their full and unequivocal support for the candidacy of Dr Muhammad Ibrahim of Guyana, as one eminently qualified for the post, and called on other hemispheric partners to lend their valuable support for his election.
ENGAGEMENT WITH SPECIALLY INVITED GUESTS
His Excellency Valdecy Urquiza, Secretary-General of the International Criminal Police Organisation (INTERPOL)
Secretary-General Urquiza expressed his appreciation for the exchange with CARICOM. He reported that data shared by INTERPOL member countries and regional analysis show that the rise of criminal networks, narcotics trade and a surge in firearms trafficking are three of the most pressing security threats confronting Caribbean nations. He reported that the IMPACS/INTERPOL partnership agreement now guarantees the continued presence of INTERPOL’s Liaison Office in Barbados, representing a renewed and sustainable framework for long-term collaboration.
Heads of Government expressed their appreciation for his presence and perspectives. They acknowledged the existing and potential benefits of increased collaboration to deal effectively with major organised crime.
They requested further assistance of INTERPOL with technology deployment and monitoring mechanisms to support border protection measures.
They noted Guyana’s announcement that it would be hosting the scheduled INTERPOL Conference in 2026.
His Excellency Albert Ramdin, Secretary General of the Organization Of American States (OAS)
The Secretary-General thanked the Region for its active engagement in his election. He gave a comprehensive presentation addressing the challenges facing the global and hemispheric environments, including climate change, development financing, migration, threats to multilateralism, sovereignty and territorial integrity, political instability, and particularly, the unprecedented levels of uncertainty.
Heads of Government warmly congratulated the Secretary-General on the assumption of his new role, noting he was the first from CARICOM to be so designated. They welcomed his recommendation for the development of a Caribbean Community agenda in preparation for the Tenth Summit of the Americas, scheduled for December 2025 in Punta Cana, Dominican Republic.
THE SECOND CARICOM-AFRICAN UNION SUMMIT
The Summit is to be held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on 7 September 2025, which is also Africa -CARICOM Day. Heads of Government agreed to prioritise representation at the highest level and emphasised the importance of the ongoing engagement with the African continent.
A coordinating committee, to include Jamaica, Barbados and St Kitts and Nevis, along with the CARICOM Secretariat, will work with representatives of Ethiopia and the African Union Commission to advance the logistical and other preparations for the Summit.
Heads of Government encouraged engagement with the Caribbean diaspora in Ethiopia and the participation of representatives of Regional Pan-African organisations.
SECURITY ISSUES
Heads of Government adopted the Montego Bay Declaration on Transnational Organised Crime and Criminal Gangs (accessible via: https://caricom.org/montego-bay-declaration-transnational-organised-crime-and-gangs-6-8-july-2025-jamaica/ ) in keeping with their commitment to dismantle criminal networks that have been impacting peace and security across the Region.
They acknowledged that the Declaration, together with the 2024 George-Bridge Declaration of the Second Regional Symposium on Crime and Violence as a Public Health Issue, and the 2023 Needham’s Point Declaration, comprise the principles of a new Regional Security and Judicial Framework.
The Conference welcomed the report presented by the High-Level Representative on Law and Criminal Justice, as well as the outcomes of the first dialogue held between Heads of Government and Heads of Judiciary from across the Region.
Regional Centre of Excellence for Policing
Heads of Government received a proposal from Barbados for a Regional Centre of Excellence for Policing. The Centre would be a hub for skills and leadership training for police officers who will, in turn, use these skills to implement best police practices and drive behavioural/ cultural change in policing in their respective jurisdictions.
The Centre would be headquartered in a CARICOM jurisdiction and agency best positioned with existing infrastructure, capacity and other factors.
THE SITUATION IN HAITI
Heads of Government expressed grave concern over the degeneration of the humanitarian situation in Haiti, which now borders on famine. They committed to redouble the efforts of CARICOM Heads of Government to engage with all relevant actors for the mobilisation of resources for security support, and to provide direct humanitarian assistance.
They received an update from the Transitional Presidential Council on its activities and welcomed clarity on the situation provided by the CARICOM Eminent Persons Group.
They also received a proposal from the Secretary General of the OAS and noted commitments made through the OAS from several Latin American countries of direct and technical assistance to the Kenya-led MSS Mission and the Haitian National Police. Heads of Government agreed that urgent action is needed on the humanitarian crisis in Haiti and called on international partners to pay attention and to provide support which is needed to bring security and stability to Haiti.
REGIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS STRATEGY
Heads of Government noted the progress made towards developing a regional telecommunications strategy. To further advance this, they mandated the Working Group to also look at the role of Public Private Partnership Arrangements to finance the required investment in telecommunications infrastructure.
They also noted the need to finalise regulatory frameworks in conjunction with national regulatory authorities.
BORDER ISSUES
Belize – Guatemala and Belize – Honduras
Heads of Government received an update on the Belize – Guatemala and the Belize – Honduras cases before the International Court of Justice (ICJ).
The Conference also received, with concern, a report from Belize regarding the increased tensions in the Sarstoon River and the repeated maritime incursions by the Guatemalan military into Belize’s territorial and internal waters.
They underscored the obligation of Belize and Guatemala to refrain from any action which could exacerbate the dispute while the case is before the ICJ and reiterated the call for both countries to urgently fulfil their commitment to design a mechanism of cooperation for the Sarstoon River and maritime spaces, with the assistance of the OAS.
Heads of Government also expressed concern about the continued illegal activities by Guatemalans that result in the deforestation of Belize’s protected areas and biodiversity loss along the Belize-Guatemala border.
They acknowledged the valuable role of the OAS in accompanying the process of confidence building measures and called on the international community to increase support for the OAS Office in the Adjacency Zone.
Heads of Government reaffirmed their steadfast support for the sovereignty, territorial integrity and security of Belize.
Guyana- Venezuela
Heads of Government received an update on the latest developments concerning the Guyana-Venezuela controversy. They noted that although Venezuela purported to have held elections on 25 May 2025 for a “Governor” and “Legislative Council” in the so-called “Guayana Esequiba State”, in defiance of the May 1, 2025 order of the International Court of Justice, in fact no elections were held by Venezuela in the Essequibo region of Guyana.
Heads of Government encouraged Venezuela to submit its Rejoinder, the final written pleading in the case, by 11 August 2025, in compliance with the scheduling Order of the International Court of Justice.
Heads of Government reiterated their full support for the ongoing judicial process as the means for resolving the controversy peacefully, finally and in accordance with international law.
Heads of Government reiterated and underscored their unequivocal and unwavering support for the maintenance of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Guyana.
COMMON LEGISLATION INITIATIVE ON SOCIAL MEDIA
Heads of Government expressed concern about the deleterious effect that social media and artificial intelligence (AI) generated images could have on children and vulnerable groups, and the recent cessation of efforts at content moderation by Big Tech companies.
They agreedto pursue a regional approach to develop a framework for digital safety and associated laws, to safeguard the mental health and wellbeing of Caribbean citizens, and to establish a Regional Digital Safety Commission to develop proposals to enhance online safety.
REPARATIONS
Heads of Government expressed their full support for Jamaica’s undertaking to file a petition to King Charles III for the referral of three questions to the Privy Council related to the United Kingdom’s (UK) historic mistreatment of enslaved Africans on plantations in Jamaica. It was agreed that this approach was another path toward seeking Reparatory Justice and that it carried potential to contribute to the CARICOM regional approach as set out in the Ten Point Plan
FINANCIAL REGUALTORY PROCEDURES
Heads of Government reiterated their commitment to tackle money laundering and terrorist financing, including through strengthened regulatory and policy measures, as well as through partnerships at regional, bi-regional and multilateral levels. They recognised that Anti-money Laundering (AML) measures are critical for maintaining financial integrity. Heads of Government noted the significant reforms undertaken by Caribbean States to fully address the recommendations of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) and the OECD’s tax transparency standards.
They further noted that Member States’ efforts have been acknowledged by the recent full delisting of Barbados and Jamaica by FATF, as well as by the European Commission’s recommendation to the European Parliament, via its Delegated Regulation of June 2025, that these two Caribbean countries be delisted.
REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION
Heads of Government thanked the CARICOM Private Sector Organisation (CPSO) and Ferry Operators NSG for their detailed proposal on the operations of a regional ferry service. They agreed to establish a Sub-Committee comprising Heads of Government of St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Barbados, Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago, to work with the CPSO and NSG to develop financial proposals to have an operational ferry service.
They also agreed to establish a Sub-Committee of the Foreign Ministers of Barbados, Jamaica, Saint Lucia, and Trinidad and Tobago, to address the free movement of intra-regional trade, including customs procedures, insurance and drivers’ licenses to facilitate the smooth operation of the ferry service.
ASSOCIATE MEMBERS
Heads of Government commended the British Virgin Islands on their completion of the governance reform programme and noted the difficulties posed by the Order in Council that can impose direct colonial rule on the BVI.
Heads of Government agreed to expedite negotiations with Bermuda on its application for full membership.
CARICOM INDUSTRIAL POLICY
Heads of Government noted the ongoing work to prepare a CARICOM Industrial Policy and Strategy, which will promote government interventions and policies to encourage, support, coordinate and improve the capability of specific industries, sectors and firms to achieve and sustain regional competitiveness.
REGIONAL POPULATION COMMISSION
Heads of Government noted the ongoing efforts to establish a Regional Population Commission, which is expected to inform a CARICOM Population Policy to address projected population trends, and formulate strategic approaches to reconciling population growth with regional development objectives.
CARIFESTA XV
Heads of Government welcomed the update provided on CARIFESTA XV to be held from 22 -31 August in Barbados under the theme “Caribbean Roots – Global Excellence”. Heads of Government expressed full support to Barbados for its hosting of CARIFESTA XV.
THE ENHANCED ROLE OF YOUTH IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Heads of Government noted that a report has been prepared by youth of the Region on the enhanced role of young people in the Community.
The report was informed by regional consultations and calls for youth to be more incorporated in Caribbean development through structured and well-resourced action, and for youth development to be embedded as a core pillar of regional integration and progress.
CARICOM EDUCATION TRANSFORMATION COMMISSION
Heads of Government noted a report on the steps taken so far to establish a Commission to drive a unified equity-based regional education agenda. They looked forward to its early convening.
SURINAME
Suriname advised that its new President, Her Excellency Jennifer Geerlings-Simons, the first female to hold this position, will be sworn in on 16 July 2025. Outgoing President, His Excellency Chandrikapersad Santokhi, expressed his appreciation to the Conference, the CARICOM Secretar- General, staff of the Secretariat, and the wider CARICOM family, for their enduring partnership and solidarity.
The Government of Suriname underscored its ongoing commitment to the ideals and goals of the integration movement.
Heads of Government registered their thanks and appreciation to the outgoing President for his commitment and partnership in support of regional integration.
CONDOLENCE
The Conference expressed its condolences to the loved ones and colleagues of Rickey Singh, a Caribbean son of the soil and journalist, who passed away on 5 July 2025 in Barbados. They noted his passionate advocacy for CARICOM, and that his dedicated reporting and analysis of regional issues facilitated a deeper understanding of the Caribbean Community.
INVITATION
The Conference noted an invitation from Grenada to the AfriCaribbean Trade and Investment Forum (ACTIF) to be held July 28 – 29, 2025.
APPRECIATION
Heads of Government expressed their gratitude to the Government and people of Jamaica for the excellent arrangements made for the Meeting, and the warm hospitality they received.
DATE AND VENUE OF NEXT REGULAR MEETING
Heads of Government accepted the invitation of the Prime Minister of St Kitts and Nevis to the 50th Regular Meeting of the Conference in Basseterre from 25 – 27 February 2026.
DECLARATION
The Conference issued the following Declaration:
TRANSNATIONAL ORGANISED CRIME AND GANGS
JULY 6-8, 2025
JAMAICA
We, the Heads of Government of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) meeting in Montego Bay, Jamaica from July 6-8, 2025, on the occasion of the 49th Regular Meeting of the Conference of Heads of Government of CARICOM:
Remaining deeply concerned and alarmed bythe surge of gun crime and violence across the Caribbean region, driven by the proliferation of illegal firearms and activities of gangs and/or organised criminal groups, which continue to pose a serious threat to the region, its institutions of governance, and the very fabric of our societies,
Underscoring our commitmentto addressthe concerns of our peoples, regarding the impact of organised crime and illicit trafficking on their communities, livelihood, and security,
Cognisant of the current global security threats and the potential impact on the stability and socioeconomic progress of our societies,
Recalling the decision to collaborate on implementing measures to address crime, violence, and national security, and the implications for public health, that directly result from gang activities and the illegal importation of guns into our region,
Renewing ourcommitment tostrengthening the Region’s response by implementing effective measures to monitor new trends in illicit firearms trafficking, enact robust legislation to include stringent penalties for firearm and gang-related offences, and to strengthen public awareness on the issues relating to the prevention and prosecution of all forms of organised criminal activities,
Determined to create societies characterised by productivity, prosperity, peace, and security,
1. Reaffirm our commitment to continue efforts to complete a comprehensive review of the criminal justice system to, inter alia, address criminal terrorists with a focus on the proactive management of investigations, prosecutions, and sentencing, while also expanding programmes aimed at the early identification and positive redirection of young people who may be at risk of social exclusion or vulnerability to crime;
2. Agree to strengthen the regional institutional security structures, to include the CARICOM Implementation Agency for Crime and Security (IMPACS), and implementation of programmes such as the Caribbean Basin Security Initiative (CBSI), to effectively enhance collaboration and sharing of information, to disrupt criminal networks, as well as, leverage shared resources to enable law enforcement and support border security efforts;
3. Reinforce national anti-gang strategies to more effectively monitor and disrupt gang movement and their linkages to cross border firearm-related crimes within CARICOM;
4. Recognise the importance of undertakingthe development or amendment of national legislation to effectively combat gun crimes, the illicit trade in arms and ammunition, trafficking offences in all forms, especially human trafficking as one of the most heinous crimes against humanity;
5. Commit to the development and implementation of comprehensive counter-narcotics strategies, through enhanced cooperation, resource sharing, and sustained policy engagement.
6. Resolve to integrate into the formal economy, rule of law, and governance systems, under governed spaces that provide, or can provide safe havens to criminal organisations.
Issued in Montego Bay, Jamaica on Tuesday, July 8, 2025, on the occasion of the 49th Regular Meeting of the Conference of Heads of Government of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM).
STATEMENT
Heads of Government issued the following Statement:
STATEMENT FROM THE CARIBBEAN COMMUNITY (CARICOM) HEADS OF GOVERNMENT ON THE HUMANITARIAN CATASTROPHE IN GAZA
We, the Heads of Government of CARICOM, are profoundly distressed by the escalating and appalling situation in Gaza, now an unprecedented humanitarian catastrophe. We express grave concern over the immense, unabated suffering and tragic loss of civilian lives, particularly women and children.
CARICOM has consistently called for an immediate, unconditional, and sustained ceasefire and unimpeded humanitarian access. These urgent calls have largely gone unheeded, leading to a crisis of unparalleled proportions. Relentless military operations, including indiscriminate bombardment and direct attacks on aid-seeking civilians, flagrantly violate international humanitarian law.
We are appalled by UN and humanitarian reports depicting widespread hunger, disease, and displacement, deliberately exacerbated by deprivation of basic necessities such as food, water, medicine. Critical fuel shortages further threaten to halt all lifesaving services. The weaponization of essential resources is morally repugnant, intolerable and unconscionable.
We unequivocally condemn all violence against civilians, including the abhorrent 7 October 2023 attacks and hostage-taking. We equally condemn the disproportionate military response, actions contravening international law, and systematic undermining of peace by illegal settlement expansion. The unacceptable dismantling of humanitarian mechanisms, replacing UN-led coordination with military control, demonstrably leads to further civilian casualties.
CARICOM reaffirms its unwavering commitment to a two-state solution as the only viable path to comprehensive, just, and lasting peace between Israelis and Palestinians, consistent with UN Security Council Resolutions and international law. We lament the belligerent and continued disregard for these resolutions, urging the international community to redouble efforts for strict adherence and enforcement.
We, the Heads of Government, urgently demand an immediate ceasefire. There must be full, safe, and unimpeded humanitarian access throughout Gaza, ensuring vital aid, including fuel, medical supplies, food, and water, reaches all in need without delay. We call for an immediate and unconditional release of all hostages and detainees. We demand an end to forced displacement of Palestinians and protection of civilians in accordance with international humanitarian law. It is imperative that there is accountability for all violations of international law, with perpetrators brought to justice.
We, the Heads of Government, reiterate our solidarity with all victims and urge maximum diplomatic efforts for a durable solution to the legitimate security and humanitarian concerns of all parties. The international community cannot stand idly by while this catastrophe deepens.
CARICOM stands ready to support all constructive initiatives for a lasting peace that meets the legitimate aspirations for security, dignity, and stability of all Israelis, Palestinians, and peoples in the wider Middle East.
8 July 2025
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Dated: 11 July 2025
]]>“There can be no sustained prosperity without security,” the Prime Minister said, pointing out that urgent action is required to confront the growing problem.
“We must dismantle the influence of gangs in our communities, disrupt their financing, and cut off access to weapons,” Dr. Holness said during his address at the opening of the Forty-ninth Regular Meeting of the Conference of Heads of Government of CARICOM, which ended on 8 July in Montego Bay, Jamaica.
He quoted a 2024 report by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime which highlighted the worrying combination of risk factors including surging drug production in South America, the proliferation and competition of transnational and local gangs, and high availability and use of firearms [that] have contributed to soaring homicide rates.
“If the situation in Haiti is an indicator, these are not ordinary times and they require urgent action,” the Prime Minister said.
Acknowledging that the problem cannot be solved overnight, the Prime Minister said it will require “significant investment and unified public support”.
“I am on record as saying that we need to launch a war on gangs of a similar magnitude and nature to the war on terror. Aside from climate change, the threat that poses an existential threat in the near term for many of our states would be the growth of gangs. Many Caribbean states, by virtue of our history and the kind of civilisation we wish to develop, would seem to categorise gangs as a social problem; a problem caused by the alienation of youth, poverty, breakdown of social mores and values, and therefore the policy response must be or should be a social response, one that treats crime and violence as a public health crisis – and basically so, there is no question that it is a social problem why 90 per cent of persons involved in crime are males, and speaking for Jamaica, 90 per cent of those who are victims of homicide are males, so yes, there is that strong social component.
“But I believe that our society, and the way that we think about crime and violence needs to evolve to accept and understand the evolved nature of the challenge we face, and the truth is that what we are now facing is the organisation of violence. It is the organisation of violence for profit. It is not merely street level, dispossessed, socially excluded youngsters. There is a level of intelligence, a level of resources, a level of organisation that has been brought to crime, and violence is being used to support a profit motive and my own view is that policy and jurisprudence needs to evolve to address this matter,” the Prime Minister said.
Underlining the importance of security to the Community’s progress, Heads of Government invited the Secretary General of the International Criminal Police Organisation (INTERPOL), Mr. Valdecy Urquiza, as a special guest to the Meeting.
Jamaica also mounted a security exposition at the Meeting. Prime Minister Holness said the exposition is intended to spotlight “our shared commitment to building a safer, more resilient Region by exchanging ideas, innovations and best practices. It is also an opportunity for you to see how the significant investments made by the Government of Jamaica in national security over the past nine years are yielding results in crime reduction and public safety.”
]]>The purpose of the Dialogue was to establish a space for discussion among leaders of the executive and judicial branches of government regarding the challenges they face in their respective roles in maintaining law, order, citizen security and good governance. The meeting proceeded with due regard for the constitutional imperatives of judicial independence, the separation of powers and due regard for the constitutional role of each other Branch of Government.
Concerned by the persistent crime and security challenges in CARICOM Member States, the leaders of the executive and judicial branches discussed measures and reforms necessary to effectively respond to the Community’s security issues.
The convening of the Dialogue today was among the undertakings agreed in the George-Bridge Declaration (22 November 2024), which sets out the regional approach to crime and violence.
The Dialogue was facilitated by former Presidents of the Caribbean Court of Justice, Sir Dennis Byron and Hon. Adrian Saunders, and Mr. Godfrey Smith, CARICOM High Level Representative on Law and Criminal Justice.
6 July 2025
]]>CARICOM Heads of Government continue to be actively concerned about the implications of crime and violence on the social development of the Region. To date, two symposiums on Crime and Violence as a Public Health Issue have been convened, keeping at the forefront of the deliberations the importance of balancing the rights of the individual and the public safety interests of the whole of society.
Beverly Harry-Emmanuel, Advisor, Social Development, Caribbean Community (CARICOM) SecretariatAdvisor for Social Development at the CARICOM Secretariat, Ms Beverly Harry-Emmanuel, says CARICOM Heads of Government continue to be actively concerned about the implications of crime and violence for the Region’s social development.
Delivering remarks at the CARICOM Implementation Agency for Crime and Security’s (CARICOM IMPACS) Observance of International Women’s Day, she stated:
“To date, two symposiums on Crime and Violence as a Public Health Issue have been convened, keeping at the forefront of the deliberations the importance of balancing the rights of the individual and the public safety interests of the whole of society. A significant outcome of these symposia was the agreement to “strengthen the development of security as a fourth pillar of the Community, so that collectively we can better address the extra-territorial threats to citizen security; including strengthening the capacity of the Community’s Security and Justice agencies to adopt and implement a public health approach.” This declaration is a clear signal of how CARICOM views its role in protecting human rights, democracy, peace and security in our Region.”
Additionally, she highlighted that the CARICOM Secretariat continues to work with Member States to adopt the Regional Common Standards for Police and Justice Agencies to mitigate Violence against Women and Girls and Family Violence. She explained that the adoption of the Standards will strengthen systems to hold perpetrators accountable for violence while ensuring victim safety and strengthening societal messaging that gender-based and family violence are unacceptable in any measure or circumstance.
Please read her complete remarks below:
REMARKS FROM
BEVERLY HARRY-EMMANUEL
ADVISOR, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, CARIBBEAN COMMUNITY (CARICOM) SECRETARIAT
OBSERVANCE OF INTERNATIONAL WOMEN’S DAY
12 JANUARY 2025
Ladies and gentlemen
I welcome this opportunity to address you this morning. On behalf of all of us at the CARICOM Secretariat, I applaud CARICOM IMPACS, under the astute leadership of Colonel Michael Jones, for hosting this event to mark International Women’s Day 2025, which was observed on Friday, 7 March. The Secretariat is pleased to be associated with this event. Allow me to share some thoughts for consideration during the discussions to follow around our theme, “Strength and Resilience of Women on the Frontline.”
As we join the international community in observing this important occasion, we must acknowledge that we have made noteworthy strides forward in achieving gender equality. Globally, there have been significant legal reforms to advance gender equality and to address violence against women and girls. Regionally, our legislatures reflect increasing representation by women. However, women still have only 64% of the legal rights of men (UN Women, 2024).
According to UN Women, in 2024, 44% of countries showed improvements in the quality of education, training, and lifelong learning among women and girls. Girls surpass boys in upper-secondary completion rates in most regions, including ours. A question for exploration is whether there is correlation among the higher levels of educational achievements of women and girls, social cohesion and increasing incidences of crime and violence which disproportionally threaten the right to life, liberty and security of women and girls.
CARICOM Heads of Government continue to be actively concerned about the implications of crime and violence on the social development of the Region. To date, two symposiums on Crime and Violence as a Public Health Issue have been convened, keeping at the forefront of the deliberations the importance of balancing the rights of the individual and the public safety interests of the whole of society.
A significant outcome of these symposia was the agreement to “strengthen the development of security as a fourth pillar of the Community, so that collectively we can better address the extra-territorial threats to citizen security; including strengthening the capacity of the Community’s Security and Justice agencies to adopt and implement a public health approach.” This declaration is a clear signal of how CARICOM views its role in protecting human rights, democracy, peace and security in our Region. Through its Directorate of Human and Social Development, the Secretariat is already deploying resources to enhance citizens’ security.
Additionally, forms of violence such as the trafficking of persons, sexual exploitation, and the use of electronic media, particularly online platforms, have far-reaching social, economic and developmental consequences for individuals and society.
The statistics suggest that, as a group, women and girls are disproportionally affected. Moreover, National Prevalence Surveys on Gender Based Violence confirm that nearly 1 out of 2 of ever-partnered women aged 15-64 have experienced one or more of the four types of intimate partner violence (IPV) in their lifetime (physical, sexual, psychological and/or economic). This reality presents a major impediment to the security and integrity of the women of the region. There is room for much more to be done in the areas of legal protection and enforcement and for individual and collective ownership of the responsibility to act to reverse these trends.
The CARICOM Secretariat continues to work with Member States to adopt the Regional Common Standards for Police and Justice Agencies to mitigate Violence against Women and Girls and Family Violence. Adoption will strengthen systems to hold perpetrators accountable for violence while ensuring victim safety and strengthening societal messaging that gender-based and family violence are unacceptable in any measure or circumstance.
Please permit me to turn our attention to the Women, Peace, and Security Agenda established under the United Nations’ Security Council Resolution 1325, which provides a critical framework for embedding gender perspectives into peace and security efforts. This Agenda emphasises the importance of full, equal, and meaningful participation of women in conflict prevention, resolution, and peacebuilding processes. The integration of gender considerations into security policies and initiatives enables Caribbean nations to enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of their peace and development efforts, support inter-agency collaboration and address the impact of violence including those associated with transnational organised crime.
Moreover, the Women Peace and Security Agenda recognises that the effects of climate change in the region bear significant financial, infrastructural and social implications, especially with regard to gender inequalities as the impacts of natural disasters often amplify pre-existing vulnerabilities with the potential to push women and marginalised groups even further into the margins through increased incidents of intimate partner violence, heightened economic insecurity, and heavier work burdens to ensure survival.
Gentlemen in the audience, allow me a minute to specifically address the women present and all those who would hear this message. Sisters, we know that we are resourceful and that we have the capability to instigate, lead, achieve and sustain the changes that are required to drive the development of women and our region. This capacity is almost instinctual. We do it every day on behalf of our families and ourselves.
The Community is currently crafting a Gender Development Policy. Seize this opportunity in whatever capacity, whether civil society, government, expert or citizen -Caribbean Woman to be advocates and key actors in the process, to ensure that an environment emerges that supports full and sustainable participation of women and girls in the development of our Region.
Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for this opportunity to participate in today’s discussions.
]]>“We also expect that these acts – using the tools of trade of the criminals at large in our communities from The Bahamas to Suriname, Saint Lucia to Trinidad and Tobago – that they be deemed to be acts of terrorism and allow us to view them, not only the executive, but by our judiciary and allow us to fashion the appropriate legislation.”
Trinidad and Tobago Prime Minister, Dr The Hon. Keith RowleyTrinidad and Tobago Prime Minister, Dr The Hon. Keith Rowley says CARICOM leaders deem the current surge of violent crime affecting Member States as “acts of terrorism.”
“We also expect that these acts – using the tools of trade of the criminals at large in our communities from The Bahamas to Suriname, Saint Lucia to Trinidad and Tobago – that they be deemed to be acts of terrorism and allow us to view them, not only the executive, but by our judiciary and allow us to fashion the appropriate legislation,” stated Dr Rowley.
Addressing the media following the three-day 48th Regular Meeting of the Conference of CARICOM Heads of Government in Barbados, Prime Minister Rowley also revealed that leaders will continue to treat violence as a public health issue, noting the impact on communities and the public health system.
“So we adopted the working definition of crime and violence as a public health issue since the effect on human conditions is such that violent crime – largely carried out by firearms – 80% of the killings that we are experiencing are done by firearms – and 90% of those firearms are coming to us from one particular source. So we agree that this is a public health issue, and of course, we will continue to engage it as such,” said Dr Rowley.
George-Bridge and Needham’s Point Declarations integral to crime fighting
The Prime Minister shared that the George-Bridge and Needham’s Point Declarations are fundamental to the leaders’ holistic approach to tackling crime. He reiterated that the George-Bridge Declaration was approved by leaders at the Second Regional Symposium: Violence as a Public Health Issue — The Crime Challenge in Guyana. He stated that they would continue to support the aims and recommendations of Needham’s Point Declaration. “These are all positions taken by CARICOM Heads, which should flow into actions through legislative and other arrangements,” emphasised Dr Rowley.
Crime: One of the highest hurdles for CARICOM Leaders to overcome
While providing details of the strategic plan by leaders to tackle crime, Prime Minister Rowley admitted that crime continues to be a significant challenge for the body.
“So basically, these are the foundational things that we are doing at the level of the Heads – acknowledging that one of the highest hurdles that we are required to overcome and to treat with at this time is the high level of violent crime in our societies and the organised commercial arrangements of criminals who terrorise our populations, whether they are large ones or smaller ones in the community,” underscored Dr Rowley.
However, leaders expect that the agreed decisions would make significant changes to the current state of crime in the Region.
]]>Dr Rowley added, “So we maintain our high priority on that, and we expect that the changes that we are about to bring about in a number of areas – in a holistic way – would see us getting the upper hand and reversing the trend, which in some instances are in fact threatening the very sovereignty of the States in which we live.”
“…Heads sourced and obtained the services of a former [Attorney General] of Belize, Godfrey Smith, who has been tasked to review our legislative templates and to come up with new legislative proposals for consideration by the Heads for changes to be made on the legislative side to treat with what we are experiencing as against what we are surprised by.”
Trinidad and Tobago Prime Minister Dr the Hon. Keith RowleyTrinidad and Tobago Prime Minister, Dr The Hon. Keith Rowley says CARICOM Heads have agreed to elements of a holistic and region-wide approach to violence and crime as a public health issue.
Speaking to the media at the culmination of the 48th Regular Meeting of the Conference of CARICOM Heads of Government, Dr Rowley highlighted how leaders are prioritising the approach to the significant surge in crime.
“We spent a lot of time discussing, strategising and taking decisions on an issue, which is common to all of us in CARICOM: that is the unacceptably high level of violent crime. So, we focused on the legislation, law enforcement and the public health aspects with respect to the legislation. We agreed that – notwithstanding social considerations – the changing nature of crime is such that acts of violence in the public space and certain instances must now be regarded as acts of terrorism,” stated Dr Rowley.
He emphasised that legislation must be able to address the present crime wave affecting Member States.
“We are talking about indiscriminate shooting in a public place where the perpetrators endanger all and sundry. We believe that the legislation needs to be cognizant of what exactly we are experiencing now as against what the existing legislation anticipated. And to that end, Heads sourced and obtained the services of a former [Attorney General] of Belize, Godfrey Smith, who has been tasked to review our legislative templates and to come up with new legislative proposals for consideration by the Heads for changes to be made on the legislative side to treat with what we are experiencing as against what we are surprised by,” asserted the Prime Minister.
High-level representative on law and criminal justice
Dr Rowley highlighted that the former Belize AG would be supported by a multidisciplinary team of technical experts seconded by member states. He shared that Leaders approved the terms of reference to design and lead the implementation of a strategic plan to improve and modernise criminal justice delivery services across the Community as one element of a holistic region-wide approach.
]]>“What this means is that we would not be struggling at the individual level as sovereign bodies but accepting templates designed to suit our culture and our experience and using the best technical skills in law and in social services to craft legislative offerings that we can all adopt very quickly, and there are some deadlines applied to these matters,” stated the Prime Minister.
“The Community remains committed to collaborating with Haiti in its pursuit of lasting peace, security, economic prosperity and social progress, which are stepping stones to the quality of life that the people of Haiti fully deserve and the prosperity and advancement to which all Caribbean citizens aspire.“
CARICOM Secretary-General Dr Carla BarnettAhead of Haiti’s Two Hundred and Twenty-First Anniversary of Independence on 1 January 2025, CARICOM Secretary-General Dr Carla Barnett has said that the Region remains committed to a long-term plan for peace and security within the Member State.
“CARICOM remains in solidarity with Haiti as a valued Member of the Caribbean Community, supporting its efforts to strengthen national institutions, reform its constitution, and revitalise its electoral and governance processes,” asserted Dr Barnett.
She noted that the Community remains resolute in collaborating with Haiti to pursue lasting peace, security, economic prosperity and social progress, which she described as the “stepping stones to the quality of life that the people of Haiti fully deserve.”
Please view Dr Barnett’s message below.
“Excellency,
The Caribbean Community extends warm congratulations to the Government and People of the Republic of Haiti on the achievement of its Two Hundred and Twenty-First Anniversary of Independence.
The historical significance of Haiti’s independence continues to inspire the Caribbean Community. This occasion is cause for celebration and pride in the indomitable resilience of the Haitian people, who persevere in the face of many challenges.
CARICOM remains in solidarity with Haiti as a valued Member of the Caribbean Community, supporting its efforts to strengthen national institutions, reform its constitution, and revitalise its electoral and governance processes.
Moreover, the Community remains committed to collaborating with Haiti in its pursuit of lasting peace, security, economic prosperity and social progress, which are stepping stones to the quality of life that the people of Haiti fully deserve, and the prosperity and advancement to which all Caribbean citizens aspire.
I join the Community in marking this significant achievement with the Republic of Haiti, and extend best wishes for the continued advancement and well-being of its People.”
]]>As the Region seeks to consolidate integration in the year ahead, we look forward to continued collaboration with our stakeholders and partners, including the CARICOM Committee of Ambassadors and CARICOM Youth Ambassadors, as well as the guidance of the Bureau of the Conference, which will comprise Barbados, Grenada and Jamaica effective 1 January 2025.
CARICOM Secretary-General Dr Carla BarnettThroughout 2024, the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Secretariat remained focused on supporting efforts to deepen regional integration and improve the welfare of the Region’s citizens.
Under the decisive leadership of the Conference of Heads of Government, we advanced many of the Region’s key priorities. Food and nutrition security was boosted through the 25 by 2025 initiative; there were efforts to improve air and maritime transportation in the Region and advance implementation of the CARICOM Single Market and Economy (CSME), and initiatives to stem the worrying issue of crime and violence.
We continued to take advantage of opportunities in regional and international fora to advocate for decisive climate action by the international community to keep temperatures to 1.5 degrees above pre-industrial levels. We also called for urgent attention to honour commitments made to provide climate financing. The Bridgetown Initiative and implementation of the multilaterally agreed Multidimensional Vulnerability Index remain critical to ensuring that CARICOM Small Island and Low-lying Coastal Developing States (SIDS) receive the resources needed to increase and sustain resilience.
Great effort was expended throughout the year by CARICOM leaders and the Eminent Persons Group (EPG) towards the resumption of functional governance and security in Haiti, by ensuring Haitian-led and Haitian-owned solutions to the ongoing crises. Regrettably, the growing insecurity caused by gang violence remains a serious threat to the aspirations and hopes of the people of Haiti, as many thousands of persons continue to be displaced, and are victims of violence and food insecurity.
In July, the record-breaking Hurricane Beryl severely impacted agriculture, fisheries, communications and transportation in several countries of the Region. However, in the true spirit of Community, our Member States and Regional Institutions rallied to support each other.
The signing of the CARICOM-African Union Memorandum of Understanding in the latter half of the year will promote the strengthening of economic, cultural, political and fraternal relationships between CARICOM and Africa, which will also be bolstered by the increased opportunities for trade, investment and tourism between CARICOM and Africa.
We acknowledge the strong participation of our Member States, International Development Partners, the private sector, labour organisations, the diaspora, and civil society in initiatives to strengthen the pillars of our integration movement. In this regard, for their sterling contribution to the Region, two Community stalwarts, Sir Clive Lloyd and the Honourable Roderick Rainford, were awarded the Order of the Caribbean Community, the Region’s highest honour, at the 47th Regular Meeting of the Conference of Heads of Government.
As the Region seeks to consolidate integration in the year ahead, we look forward to continued collaboration with our stakeholders and partners, including the CARICOM Committee of Ambassadors and CARICOM Youth Ambassadors, as well as the guidance of the Bureau of the Conference, which will comprise Barbados, Grenada and Jamaica effective 1 January 2025.
My sincere thanks to all the staff of the Secretariat at our Georgetown Headquarters and our offices in Barbados and Jamaica, for their unswerving dedication to the work of the Community.
I wish for all peace, success and prosperity in 2025 and safety during the Season’s festivities.
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